The block caving mining method has become increasingly popular in the last two decades. Meanwhile, Indonesia has several potential ore bodies which have not yet determined suitable mining methods. The references to block caving mining projects worldwide and the potency of metal deposits in Indonesia were reviewed to determine the requirements of ore …
The question whether sublevel caving is practicable even at greater depths below ground level has often been discussed. Both theoretical and practical points of view indicate a positive answer. A few Swedish metalliferous mines operate sublevel caving already today at depths of over 700 m below ground level.
Weak rock mass and poor flow of material can cause excessive ore loss and dilution in sublevel caving. This paper proposes a method to establish design parameters for an inclined deposit within a weak rock mass and evaluates its effectiveness through a case study. In order to solve the problem of low production capacity and poor safety conditions of sublevel …
2. Outline of Topic 7: Longwall Longwall in coal Longwall in Hard Rock Sublevel Caving Characteristics of the ore body and mining method Development Production Equipments Used Block Caving Introduction Historical evolution of the method Condition deposit Principles of the method Methodology of block caving Basic issues of geomechanical to the black caving …
Based on the existing underground mining method and the actual situation of the Jinning Phosphate Mine, an improved pillarless sublevel caving method is proposed. It greatly …
Sublevel caving (SLC) is a mass mining method having high productivity and high safety. However, this method often causes a considerable amount of permanent ore loss.
Sublevel caving without a sill pillar was adopted for the mining stage −500~−570 m in Chengchao Iron Mine. ... X.G.; Yu, G.L. Bottom-Free Sublevel Caving Method without Depleted Ore Deposit: Non-Depleted Ore-Concentration …
Schematic layout for sublevel caving (after Hamrin, 1982) DEFINITION: A mining method which is applicable to low grade near -vertical metallic or nonmetallic deposits. Mining progresses downwards while the ore between sublevels is broken overhand with long hole uppers (fan …
The induced caving method, proposed by Chinese scholars, is a new mining method that organically combines the natural caving method with the non-pillar sublevel caving method. It is characterized by continuous excavation of induction to induce the natural caving of upper ore-rock, which will be subsequently released in one to two sublevels of ...
According to domestic and foreign statistics on inclined medium-thick orebody, room-and-pillar mining method takes up 55% of the mines, bottom-hopper caving method occupies 18% of the cases, cut-and-fill method accounts for 24% of mines, and explosive throw move- ... Recovery rate of inclined medium-thick ore body in sublevel open stoping
Through theoretical analysis, laboratory similarity simulation test, and other methods, this paper studies the effect of mining thickness on overburden movement and …
To tackle the technical challenges of medium-depth mining in sharply inclined medium-thickness ore bodies, the concept of an induced caving crown pillar was introduced, which led to the development of temporary crown pillar-induced caving technology. Building upon this foundation, a combined mining method of crown-pillar induced caving and non-pillar …
Much of the theory upon which the Sublevel Caving (SLC) method is based was developed in Scandinavia many years ago. It was based mainly on bin' theory and ellipsoid of draw' configurations derived from sandbox models. In many cases, classical SLC layouts influenced by these early theories obtained relatively poor results. Early dilution entry, low tonnage factors …
In actual ore drawing, the morphology change of the drawn-out ore body is dynamic, and its actual morphology is close to that of Figure2. Chengchao Iron Mine adopts low dilution ore drawing of sublevel caving without a sill pillar. The optimal structural parameters [26] can be theoretically determined, including the sublevel height, production
For the optimization of stope structural parameters, Sun et al. optimized the caving step by using the assembled three-dimensional drawing test method for the sublevel caving …
Bottom initiation and the use of the full blast hole length detonating cord were identified as the optimal initiation method and charging structure for medium-length hole …
Block caving is an extreme case of sublevel caving in which instead of a back of ore 5 to 10 ft. thick, one 50 ft. thick is undermined and allowed to cave. The method is illustrated in Fig. 7. After the bottom of the block, or panel, is cut up into pillars by drift's and cross drifts, the pillars are robbed, and then the remaining stumps are ...
The developed technology for thick and very thick flat-dipping ore body mining combines a number of mining methods using various ground control techniques. The regular patterns of stress ...
sublevel caving method and the bottom ore structure. ... as inclined and gently inclined extremely thick ore bodies [24 ... without sill pillar"," Mining Research And Development, ...
The development of coal mining from ancient times to today has experienced the artificial stage, the mechanized mining stage, and the automated mining stage.
It is the mining process in which a level is divided into several sublevels and the stopping of ore is performed by sublevel caving from top to bottom. The lower part of a sublevel does not have the bottom structure comprised of the special-purpose ore-drawing drifts.
When the ore body is more or less horizontal, various forms of room and pillar stoping, cut and fill, [4] or longwall mining can take place. In steeply-dipping ore bodies, such as lodes of tin ...
The mining method used will depend on the characteristics of the orebody, particularly thickness
Compared with the sublevel caving method, although the backfilling method requires more complex processes and equipment, the backfilling method has advantages that the sublevel caving method does not have, such as timely management of the goaf, control of the rate of ore loss, maintenance of the stability of the surrounding rock, etc. [16,17,18 ...
Broken rock mass and unreasonable stope structure parameters can cause excessive ore loss and dilution in sublevel caving; this is the main problem faced by caving mining in recent years.
The gently inclined medium-thick orebody is generally viewed as difficult to extract. This paper presents a sublevel open stoping using long-hole with back filling method, particularly for inclined medium-thick orebodies. This method not only changes the temporal sequence of ore stoping and realizes transportation using gravity and trackless devices, but …
The invention discloses a sublevel open-stoping mining method with subsequent backfilling for long-hole caving in thin ore bodies The sublevel open-stoping mining method with subsequent backfilling is characterized by comprising the following steps: arranging ore blocks along the orientation of the ore bodies, and dividing the ore block into ore chambers and ore pillars; …
It describes how natural support mining extracts mineral deposits with strong ore and surrounding rock without using pillars or supports. Caving mining involves undermining an ore body and allowing the country rock to collapse under gravity in a controlled manner. The document also discusses room and pillar mining, shrinkage stopping, sublevel ...
The sublevel caving method without sill pillar is primarily inclined to increase the structural parameters of the stope. Increasing the structural parameters of stope will reduce the …
rock. It is applicable to the ore body where the wall rock is easy to collapse and the surface is allowed to collapse. The caving method can be divided into the longwall caving method, strati-fied caving method, sublevel caving mining method, and block caving mining method. Both longwall caving method and stratified
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